3D Printing, is a method of creating 3D objects layer by layer using a computer-generated design. 3D printing is an additional process of building layers of material to create 3D parts. This is the opposite of the Subtractive Manufacturing process where the final design is cut from a block of larger material. As a result, less material is wasted during 3D Printing.
Types of 3D Printing:
• Stereo Lithography (SLA)
• Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
• Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
• Digital Light Process (DLP)
• Multi Jet Fusion (MJF)
• Poly Jet.
• Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)
• Electron Beam Melting (EBM)
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4D Printing also known as Active Origami or Shape Morphing System uses the same technique as 3D Printing by depositing computer-programmed material on a continuous layer of 3D objects however with 4D printing, the resulting 3D shape can be transformed into a variety of shapes in response to environmental stimuli. The 4th dimension is the time-dependent shape change after printing. Therefore, it is a kind of programmable matter in which the printed matter reacts to environmental parameters like humidity, temperature, voltage, etc. After the manufacturing process and its shape changes accordingly.
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Additive Manufacturing is that the process of making an object by building it layer by layer. This can be the other of Subtractive Manufacturing, where you chop out hard blocks of fabric to form objects until the ultimate product is complete.
Types of Additive Manufacturing:
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3D printing in construction is a groundbreaking technology that utilizes additive manufacturing principles to build structures layer by layer. By employing advanced machinery, specialized materials, and precise software, this approach transforms the way buildings and infrastructure are designed and constructed.
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The future of 3D Printing technology is looks even brighter because of 3D Printing and virtual reality taking Center stage. 3D Printing technology has the potential to create all types of goods from food to medical supplies. This technology helps us in various sectors such as automotive, construction, robotics, healthcare, manufacturing and even in aerospace.
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Metal 3D Printing is a technology based on laser that uses powered metals. metals like steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, cobalt, titanium, tungsten are available in powder form for 3D printing Some of the type of 3D metal printings are given below
Metal 3D printing technologies:
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Nanotechnology stands to learn from 3D printing because it allows the materials and devices to be assembled without human operator. Nanotechnology is handling with size of 1 – 100 nanometres. Nano 3D Printing technology helps develop improved biochips.
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3D bio printing is an Additive Manufacturing that uses cells and other biomaterials rather than plastics and metals to form 3D constructs We are using 3D Printing technology to create new biomaterial parts with the properties of natural tissues by combining cells. Currently, bio printing can be used to print tissues and organs to assist drug and pill research. 3D bio printing could be a method that has quickly gained popularity due to its ability to make extremely oriented tissues.
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The process of transformation of a polymer is known as Polymerization reaction. In Additive Manufacturing thermoplastics are more significant. Thermoplastic polymers become hard when they cooled. In Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) these polymers are used in plastic 3D Printing. Based on their property these thermoplastics give various results, some of them are very prominent for this procedure.
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3D Printing technology plays a key role in drug delivery. We can print custom made doses for every single patient in pharmaceuticals, through this medication will be effective and it can helps in healing. 3D Printing is used to develop the new surgical cutting and drill guides, prosthetics and also in the creation of patient specific replicas of organs, bones and blood vessels.
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There are various manufacturing processes for creating 3D structures, and laser light sources play a central role in the construction process. Common terms for this are laser 3D Printing (or 3D Laser Printing) and Stereolithography. Terms such as Selective Laser Melting or selective laser sintering describe the process used to form a solid material. The main attraction of 3D printing is the flexibility to produce objects with complex shapes without first creating special manufacturing tools. A 3D printer is a very versatile manufacturing machine that transforms software structures directly into real objects. Such printing processes have been developed for a variety of materials such as metals, ceramics and polymers.
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Aging, disease, accidents, and congenital abnormalities can contribute to tissue and organ failure. The current therapy for these failures is organ/tissue replacement from a living donor. Three-Dimensional Printing, also known as Stereo Lithography, is a method of shaping 3D things by retaining resources in layers. With advancements in this technology and biomaterials, a patient's own cells will be able to be utilize to create new tissues and organs for individuals in need. Imaging, Design approach, Material/Cell determination, Printing, and Application are all part of the standard procedure for bioprinting 3D tissues and organs. The use of X-ray, CT scan, and MRI imaging to image the wounded tissue is beneficial in the outlining method. The tiniest auxiliary and functional components of a tissue are called mini tissues.
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Transformations, filtering, image segmentation, and morphological procedures are used to analyse 3D image datasets generated from a Computed Tomography (CT) scanner or a Magnetic Resonance Scanner. We can simply examine original structures in silico procedures using these photos.
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Although 3D Printing has great results in a variety of sectors, it is still relatively new to medicine and Orthopedic surgery. When it comes to 3D Printing in the field of Orthopedics, the growth of metallic implants and modified prostheses is ultimately the most significant and prized method. This is governed by the 3D Printing resources, equipment, and production capabilities available.
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Digital Light Processing (DLP) is a 3D Printing technique for producing photopolymer components quickly. It's extremely similar to SLA, with one major difference: whereas SLA machines trace a layer with a laser, DLP machines cure the entire layer at once using a projected light source.
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Additive Robotic Computer aided bio fabrication of functional 3D organs by layers with self-assembling tissue spheroids according to digital modal is known as Organ 3D Printing. 3D Organ Printing uses a technique similar to traditional 3D printing, where a computer model is fed to the printer and a continuous layer of plastic or wax is applied until a 3D object is formed. In organ printing, the material used by the printer is biocompatible plastic. Biocompatible plastics form a scaffold that functions as the skeleton of the organ to be printed. When the plastic is applied, it also takes up human cells from the patient's organs that are printed. After printing, the organs are transferred to the culture chamber, giving them time for cells to grow. After sufficient time, the organ is transplanted into the patient.
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